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Background  The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of beta-lactamase-producing  Capnocytophaga  isolates in young children hospitalized in the Pediatric Oncology Department of Hôpital Sud (Rennes, France) over a ten-year period (1993–2002).    Methods  In neutropenic children, a periodic survey of the oral cavity allows a predictive evaluation of the risk of systemic infections by  Capnocytophaga  spp. In 449 children with cancer, 3,053 samples were collected by oral swabbing and plated on TBBP agar. The susceptibility of  Capnocytophaga  isolates to five beta-lactams was determined.    Results  A total of 440 strains of  Capnocytophaga  spp. were isolated, 309 (70%) of which were beta-lactamase producers. The beta-lactamase-producing strains were all resistant to cefazolin, 86% to amoxicillin, and 63% to ceftazidime. The proportion of strains resistant to third-generation cephalosporins remained high throughout the ten-year study, while susceptibility to imipenem and amoxicillin combined with clavulanic acid was always conserved.    Conclusion  These results highlight the risk of antibiotic failure in  Capnocytophaga  infections and the importance of monitoring immunosuppressed patients and testing for antibiotic susceptibility and beta-lactamase production.

Prevalence of oropharyngeal beta-lactamase-producing Capnocytophagaspp. in pediatric oncology patients over a ten-year period