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Background  Interleukin 27 (IL-27) has pleiotropic properties that can either limit or enhance immune responses. Recent studies revealed that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the IL-27 promoter region modulate the development of infectious diseases and individual's susceptibility to therapeutic response. Little is known about the relationship between IL-27 single nucleotide polymorphisms and therapy response in patients infected by hepatitis C virus (HCV). In this study we have investigated the potential role of SNPs in the promoter region of  IL27 p28 gene  (alleles  rs153109 ) on the outcome of HCV infected patients.    Methods   rs153109 , corresponding to position c.-964A>G of the  IL-27  locus, was amplified from genomic DNA extracted from 15 patients with chronic hepatitis C stratified by sustained viral response (SVR), relapser and non-responder, after treatment with peginterferon-α (PegIFN- α) combined with ribavirin (RBV). Amplification products were studied by direct sequencing.    Results  This method has been applied in a preliminary study on patients with chronic hepatitis C to provide information for a standardized assay useful to genotyping of  rs153109  SNPs of IL-27p28. The genotype distribution of the c.-964 A>G polymorphism was more present in patients who did not achieve a SVR. By contrast, the genotype G/G was absent in non-responder and relapser patients. Moreover, the analysis of allelic distribution of  rs153109  highlighted a predominance of allele A in all genotypes in spite of allele G.    Conclusions  Our work provides preliminary information for a standardized method potentially useful for genotyping  rs153109 , and suggests its utility as a candidate approach to evaluate  IL-27 p28  polymorphisms as additional clinical predictors of response to therapies in HCV infected patients.

Interleukin 27 polymorphisms in HCV RNA positive patients: is there an impact on response to interferon therapy?