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Background  Takayasu’s arteritis (TA) is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the large arteries and their branches; its etiology is still unknown. In individuals suffering from TA, arterial inflammation progresses to stenosis and/or occlusion, leading to organ damage and affecting survival. Relation of TA with  Mycobacterium tuberculosis  has been known, but there have been only a few systematic studies focusing on this association. The  IS6110  sequence identifies the  Mycobacterium tuberculosis  complex and the  HupB  establishes the differences between  M. tuberculosis  and  M. bovis . Our objective was to search the presence of  IS6110  and  HupB  genes in aorta of patients with TA.    Methods  We analyzed aorta tissues embedded in paraffin from 5760 autopsies obtained from our institution, we divided the selected samples as cases and controls; Cases: aortic tissues of individuals with Takayasu’s arteritis. Control positive: aortic tissues (with tuberculosis disease confirmed) and control negative with other disease aortic (atherosclerosis).    Results  Of 181 selected aorta tissues, 119 fulfilled the corresponding criteria for TA, TB or atherosclerosis. Thus 33 corresponded to TA, 33 to tuberculosis (TB) and 53 to atherosclerosis. The mean age was 22 ± 13, 41 ± 19, and 57 ± 10, respectively.  IS6110 and HupB  sequences were detected in 70% of TA tissues, 82% in tuberculosis, and in 32% with atherosclerosis. Important statistical differences between groups with TA, tuberculosis versus atherosclerosis (p = 0.004 and 0.0001, respectively) were found.    Conclusion  We identified a higher frequency of  IS6110  and  HupB  genes in aortic tissues of TA patients. This data suggests that arterial damage could occur due to previous infection  with M. tuberculosis .

Detection of IS6110 and HupB gene sequences of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and bovisin the aortic tissue of patients with Takayasu’s arteritis