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Background  The shape of grass leaves possesses great value in both agronomy and developmental biology research. Leaf rolling is one of the important traits in rice ( Oryza sativa  L . ) breeding. MYB transcription factors are one of the largest gene families and have important roles in plant development, metabolism and stress responses. However, little is known about their functions in rice.    Results  In this study, we report the functional characterization of a rice gene,  OsMYB103L , which encodes an R2R3-MYB transcription factor. OsMYB103L was localized in the nucleus with transactivation activity. Overexpression of  OsMYB103L  in rice resulted in a rolled leaf phenotype. Further analyses showed that expression levels of several cellulose synthase genes ( CESAs ) were significantly increased, as was the cellulose content in  OsMYB103L  overexpressing lines. Knockdown of  OsMYB103L  by RNA interference led to a decreased level of cellulose content and reduced mechanical strength in leaves. Meanwhile, the expression levels of several  CESA  genes were decreased in these knockdown lines.    Conclusions  These findings suggest that  OsMYB103L  may target  CESA  genes for regulation of cellulose synthesis and could potentially be engineered for desirable leaf shape and mechanical strength in rice.

OsMYB103L, an R2R3-MYB transcription factor, influences leaf rolling and mechanical strength in rice (Oryza sativaL.)