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Background  Aluminium (Al) toxicity is considered to be one of the major constraints affecting crop productivity on acid soils. Being a trait governed by multiple genes, the identification and characterization of novel transcription factors (TFs) regulating the expression of entire response networks is a very promising approach. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to clone, localize, and characterize the  TaSTOP1  gene, which belongs to the zinc finger family (Cys2His2 type) transcription factor, at molecular level in bread wheat.    Results   TaSTOP1  loci were cloned and localized on the long arm of homoeologous group 3 chromosomes [3AL ( TaSTOP1-A ), 3BL ( TaSTOP1-B ) and 3DL ( TaSTOP1-D )] in bread wheat. TaSTOP1 showed four potential zinc finger domains and the homoeologue TaSTOP1-A exhibited transactivation activity in yeast. Expression profiling of  TaSTOP1  transcripts identified the predominance of homoeologue  TaSTOP1-A  followed by  TaSTOP1-D  over  TaSTOP1-B  in root and only predominance of  TaSTOP1-A  in shoot tissues of two diverse bread wheat genotypes. Al and proton (H + ) stress appeared to slightly modulate the transcript of  TaSTOP1  homoeologues expression in both genotypes of bread wheat.    Conclusions  Physical localization of  TaSTOP1  results indicated the presence of a single copy of  TaSTOP1  on homoeologous group 3 chromosomes in bread wheat. The three homoeologues of  TaSTOP1  have similar genomic structures, but showed biased transcript expression and different response to Al and proton (H + ) toxicity. These results indicate that  TaSTOP1  homoeologues may differentially contribute under Al or proton (H + ) toxicity in bread wheat. Moreover, it seems that  TaSTOP1-A  transactivation potential is constitutive and may not depend on the presence/absence of Al at least in yeast. Finally, the localization of  TaSTOP1  on long arm of homoeologous group 3 chromosomes and the previously reported major loci associated with Al resistance at chromosome 3BL, through QTL and genome wide association mapping studies suggests that  TaSTOP1  could be a potential candidate gene for genomic assisted breeding for Al tolerance in bread wheat.

Molecular characterization of TaSTOP1 homoeologues and their response to aluminium and proton (H+) toxicity in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)