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Background   Thellungiella  has been proposed as an extremophile alternative to  Arabidopsis  to investigate environmental stress tolerance. However,  Arabidopsis  accessions show large natural variation in their freezing tolerance and here the tolerance ranges of collections of accessions in the two species were compared.    Results  Leaf freezing tolerance of 16  Thellungiella  accessions was assessed with an electrolyte leakage assay before and after 14 days of cold acclimation at 4°C. Soluble sugars (glucose, fructose, sucrose, raffinose) and free polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, spermine) were quantified by HPLC, proline photometrically. The ranges in nonacclimated freezing tolerance completely overlapped between  Arabidopsis  and  Thellungiella . After cold acclimation, some  Thellungiella  accessions were more freezing tolerant than any  Arabidopsis  accessions. Acclimated freezing tolerance was correlated with sucrose levels in both species, but raffinose accumulation was lower in  Thellungiella  and only correlated with freezing tolerance in  Arabidopsis . The reverse was true for leaf proline contents. Polyamine levels were generally similar between the species. Only spermine content was higher in nonacclimated  Thellungiella  plants, but decreased during acclimation and was negatively correlated with freezing tolerance.    Conclusion   Thellungiella  is not an extremophile with regard to freezing tolerance, but some accessions significantly expand the range present in  Arabidopsis . The metabolite data indicate different metabolic adaptation strategies between the species.

bmc plant biology

Comparison of freezing tolerance, compatible solutes and polyamines in geographically diverse collections of Thellungiella sp. and Arabidopsis thaliana accessions