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Background  The eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5A) promotes formation of the first peptide bond at the onset of protein synthesis. However, the function of eIF5A in plants is not well understood.    Results  In this study, we characterized the function of  eIF5A  ( TaeIF5A1 ) from  Tamarix androssowii . The promoter of  TaeIF5A1  with 1,486 bp in length was isolated, and the  cis -elements in the promoter were identified. A WRKY (TaWRKY) and RAV (TaRAV) protein can specifically bind to a W-box motif in the promoter of  TaeIF5A1  and activate the expression of  TaeIF5A1 . Furthermore,  TaeIF5A1 ,  TaWRKY  and  TaRAV  share very similar expression pattern and are all stress-responsive gene that functions in the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway, indicating that they are components of a single regulatory pathway. Transgenic yeast and poplar expressing  TaeIF5A1  showed elevated protein levels combined with improved abiotic stresses tolerance. Furthermore,  TaeIF5A1 -transformed plants exhibited enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities, lower electrolyte leakage and higher chlorophyll content under salt stress.    Conclusions  These results suggested that  TaeIF5A1  is involved in abiotic stress tolerance, and is likely regulated by transcription factors TaWRKY and TaRAV both of which can bind to the W-box motif. In addition,  TaeIF5A1  may mediate stress tolerance by increasing protein synthesis, enhancing ROS scavenging by improving SOD and POD activities, and preventing chlorophyll loss and membrane damage. Therefore, eIF5A may play an important role in plant adaptation to changing environmental conditions.

Characterization of a eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A homolog from Tamarix androssowii involved in plant abiotic stress tolerance