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Background  Two distinct starch branching enzyme (SBE) isoforms predate the divergence of monocots and dicots and have been conserved in plants since then. This strongly suggests that both SBEI and SBEII provide unique selective advantages to plants. However, no phenotype for the SBEI mutation,  sbe1a , had been previously observed. To explore this incongruity the objective of the present work was to characterize functional and molecular phenotypes of both  sbe1a  and wild-type (Wt) in the W64A maize inbred line.    Results  Endosperm starch granules from the  sbe1a  mutant were more resistant to digestion by pancreatic α-amylase, and the  sbe1a  mutant starch had an altered branching pattern for amylopectin and amylose. When kernels were germinated, the  sbe1a  mutant was associated with shorter coleoptile length and higher residual starch content, suggesting that less efficient starch utilization may have impaired growth during germination.    Conclusions  The present report documents for the first time a molecular phenotype due to the absence of SBEI, and suggests strongly that it is associated with altered physiological function of the starch  in vivo . We believe that these results provide a plausible rationale for the conservation of SBEI in plants in both monocots and dicots, as greater seedling vigor would provide an important survival advantage when resources are limited.

bmc plant biology

Deficiency of maize starch-branching enzyme i results in altered starch fine structure, decreased digestibility and reduced coleoptile growth during germination