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Background  Within the scanning model of translation initiation, reinitiation is a non-canonical mechanism that operates on mRNAs harboring upstream open reading frames. The h subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 3 (eIF3) boosts translation reinitiation on the uORF-containing mRNA coding for the Arabidopsis bZip transcription factor, AtbZip11, among others. The RPL24B protein of the large ribosomal subunit, which is encoded by  SHORT VALVE1 , likewise fosters translation of uORF-containing mRNAs, for example mRNAs for auxin response transcription factors (ARFs).    Results  Here we tested the hypothesis that RPL24B and eIF3h affect translation reinitiation in a similar fashion. First, like  eif3h  mutants,  rpl24b  mutants under-translate the AtbZip11 mRNA, and the detailed spectrum of translational defects in  rpl24b  is remarkably similar to that of  eif3h . Second,  eif3h  mutants display defects in auxin mediated organogenesis and gene expression, similar to  rpl24b . Like AtbZip11, the uORF-containing ARF mRNAs are indeed undertranslated in  eif3h  mutant seedlings.    Conclusion  We conclude that, similar to eIF3h, RPL24B bolsters the reinitiation competence of uORF-translating ribosomes. Coordination between eIF3 and the large ribosomal subunit helps to fine-tune translation of uORF-containing mRNAs and, in turn, to orchestrate plant development.

bmc plant biology

Translation reinitiation and development are compromised in similar ways by mutations in translation initiation factor eIF3h and the ribosomal protein RPL24