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Background  Glucosinolates, a group of nitrogen and sulfur containing compounds associated with plant-insect interactions, are produced by a number of important  Brassicaceae  crop species. In  Arabidopsis  the  AOP2  gene plays a role in the secondary modification of aliphatic (methionine-derived) glucosinolates, namely the conversion of methylsulfinylalkyl glucosinolates to form alkenyl glucosinolates, and also influences aliphatic glucosinolate accumulation.    Results  This study characterises the primary structural variation in the coding sequences of the  AOP2  gene and identifies three different  AOP2  alleles based on polymorphisms in exon two. To help determine the regulatory mechanisms mediating  AOP2  expression amongst accessions,  AOP2  5' regulatory regions were also examined however no major differences were identified. Expression of the  AOP2  gene was found to be most abundant in leaf and stem tissue and was also found to be light dependent, with a number of light regulatory elements identified in the promoter region of the gene. In addition, a study was undertaken to demonstrate that the  Arabidopsis AOP2  gene product is functional  in planta . The over-expression of a functional  AOP2  allele was found to successfully convert the precursor methylsulfinyl alkyl glucosinolate into the alkenyl form.    Conclusions  The expression of the  AOP2  gene has been found to be influenced by light and is most highly expressed in the photosynthetic parts of the  Arabidopsis  plant. The level of  AOP2  transcript decreases rapidly in the absence of light.  AOP2  exists as at least three alleles in different  Arabidopsis  accessions and we have demonstrated that one of these,  AOP2-2 , is functionally able to convert methylsulfinyl glucosinolates into the alkenyl form. The demonstration of the  in planta  functionality of the  Arabisopsis AOP2  gene is an important step in determining the feasibility of engineering glucosinolate profiles in food plants.

The characterisation of AOP2: a gene associated with the biosynthesis of aliphatic alkenyl glucosinolates in Arabidopsis thaliana