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Results In the Ames test DIBOA was positive. Effects in YG1024 were little higher as in TA98. DIMBOA was positive in TA100 only. Addition of S9 led to higher mutagenic activities. The sprout juices were clearly positive, however not due to the BAs. The SCGE assay was negative, but the MN assay was positive (DIMBOA at >2.5 μM, DIBOA at >5 μM). The CP showed >80% centromere positive (C+) micronuclei. Conclusion The slight differences between YG1024 and TA98 indicate that acetylation plays no role in the activation. The BAs can be classified as weak bacterial mutagens. It is unclear why the sprout juices were positive. Due to the results of the assays with HepG2, we tested for aneuploidic effects. This was confirmed by the CP result. Aneuploidy is thought to be a key event in cancer induction and no other aneugenic plant-derived substances of dietary relevance are known. from 13th Scientific Symposium of the Austrian Pharmacological Society (APHAR). Joint Meeting with the Austrian Society of Toxicology (ASTOX) and the Hungarian Society for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology (MFT) Vienna, Austria. 22–24 November 2007

DIMBOA and DIBOA, two naturally occuring benzoxazinoides, cause aneuploidy in a human-derived liver cell line (HepG2)