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Background Neuropeptide Y (NPY), a highly conserved 36 amino acid peptide, is widely distributed in the central nervous system. Besides its functions in various metabolic processes NPY has attracted considerable attention in modulating emotional-affective behavior. NPY exerts a pronounced anxiolytic effect most likely mediated by Y1 receptors, whereas stimulation of predominantly presynaptic Y2 receptors results in increased anxiety. The role of NPY in the processing of fear, however, is still not conclusive. The current study aims to elucidate the role of NPY in Pavlovian fear conditioning, a simple form of associative learning.

Neuropeptide Y in the basolateral amygdala modulates the acquisition of conditioned fear