English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Background QX222 is a quaternary amine analogue of lidocaine, which, unlike lidocaine, is permanently charged. Lidocaine has its binding site in the internal vestibule of the voltage-gated sodium channel. Due to the hydrophobic nature of its uncharged form, lidocaine reaches the binding site by passing through the membrane, QX222 can reach this binding site only by a hydrophilic pathway, presumably through the channel protein. However, such a pathway has been reported only in the heart-type sodium channel (NaV1.5) and some mutants of other sodium channels. Notably, mutations at site 1575 in the skeletal muscle-type sodium channel (NaV1.4) open an access pathway from the external side. In this study we tested the properties of QX222 block on the mutant I1575E.

bmc pharmacology

The permanently charged lidocaine analogue QX222 acts as a blocker from the intracellular side and as an inactivation modulator from the extracellular side in a mutant NaV1.4 channel