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The observation that cortical neuronal responses to repeated application of the same stimulus have a high degree of "trial to trial" variability has led to the notion that neuronal responses are affected by the intrinsic spontaneous state of the system and are not solely a direct reflection of the sensory input. Complementing this, a number of sources of recent evidence have suggested that ongoing ("spontaneous") spatiotemporal patterns of activity do not merely reflect stochastic network fluctuations and internal noise sources, but can be affected by the recent history of sensory experience. This evidence includes multi-electrode array recordings, voltage sensitive dye imaging [1,2], as well as electron-microscopic evidence of a change in inhibitory synapse density and concomitant physiological changes after a substantial period of whisker stimulation [3]. These observations lead to some interesting questions. Is the spontaneous functional connectivity network itself modified by sensoryevoked activity? And if so, what mechanisms could account for it, and what information processing tasks might such a phenomenon help to perform? We are specifically testing a hypothesis that varieties of spike timing dependent plasticity (STDP) that have been previously documented can account for this effect.

Interplay between spontaneous and sensory activities in barrel cortex: a computational study