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Background  The  S. cerevisiae  MAPKKK Ste11p, a homologue of mammalian MEKK1, regulates three MAPK cascades for mating, invasive growth and osmotic stress and provides functions that are additive with the cell wall integrity pathway. Cell wall integrity requires the  FKS2  gene that encodes a stress-induced alternative subunit of beta-1, 3 glucan synthase that is the target of echinocandin 1,3- beta glucan synthase inhibitors. The major signal transduction pathways that activate transcription of the  FKS2  gene include the cell wall integrity and calcineurin pathways, and the Ste11p pathway.    Results  Here it is shown that catalytically active Ste11p regulates  FKS2-lacZ  reporter genes through Ste12, calcineurin/Crz1p- and PKC pathways and the high osmolarity pathway. Ste11p stimulated the cell wall integrity MAPK Mpk1p (Erk5 homologue) and  FKS2  independently of the mating pathway. Ste11p regulated  FKS2  through all known and putative substrates: Pbs2p MAPKK, Ste7 MAPKK, Cmk2p calmodulin dependent kinase and Ptk2p kinase. Ste11p increased the expression level of Cmk2p through transcription-dependent and -independent mechanisms.    Conclusions  The data suggest Ste11p regulates the  FKS2  gene through all its known and putative downstream kinase substrates (Pbs2p, Ste7p, Cmk2p, and Ptk2p) and separately through Mpk1p MAPK. The patterns of control by Ste11p targets revealed novel functional linkages, cross-regulation, redundancy and compensation.

Ste11p MEKK signals through HOG, mating, calcineurin and PKC pathways to regulate the FKS2 gene