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Background  Integrative Conjugative Elements (ICEs) are important factors in the plasticity of microbial genomes. An element related to the ICE Tn 4371  was discovered during a bioinformatic search of the  Ralstonia pickettii  12J genome. This element was analysed and further searches carried out for additional elements.  A PCR method was designed to detect and characterise new elements of this type based on this scaffold and a culture collection of fifty-eight  Ralstonia pickettii  and  Ralstonia insidiosa  strains were analysed for the presence of the element.    Results  Comparative sequence analysis of bacterial genomes has revealed the presence of a number of uncharacterised Tn 4371 -like ICEs in the genomes of several β and γ- Proteobacteria. These elements vary in size, GC content, putative function and have a mosaic-like structure of plasmid- and phage-like sequences which is typical of Tn 4371 -like ICEs. These elements were found after a through search of the GenBank database. The elements, which are found in  Ralstonia ,  Delftia ,  Acidovorax ,  Bordetella ,  Comamonas, Acidovorax ,  Congregibacter ,  Shewanella ,  Pseudomonas Stenotrophomonas ,  Thioalkalivibrio  sp. HL-EbGR7,  Polaromonas ,  Burkholderia  and  Diaphorobacter  sp. share a common scaffold. A PCR method was designed (based on the Tn 4371 - like element detected in the  Ralstonia pickettii  12J genome) to detect and characterise new elements of this type.    Conclusion  All elements found in this study possess a common scaffold of core genes but contain different accessory genes. A new uniform nomenclature is suggested for ICEs of the Tn 4371  family. Two novel Tn 4371 -like ICE were discovered and characterised, using the novel PCR method described in two different isolates of  Ralstonia pickettii  from laboratory purified water.

Novel Tn4371-ICE like element in Ralstonia pickettiiand Genome mining for comparative elements