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Background  The antimetabolite mangotoxin is a key factor in virulence of  Pseudomonas syringae  pv. syringae strains which cause apical necrosis of mango trees. Previous studies showed that mangotoxin biosynthesis is governed by the  mbo  operon. Random mutagenesis led to the identification of two other gene clusters that affect mangotoxin biosynthesis. These are the  gacS/gacA  genes and  mgo  operon which harbors the four genes  mgoBCAD .    Results  The current study shows that disruption of the nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) gene  mgoA  resulted in loss of mangotoxin production and reduced virulence on tomato leaves. Transcriptional analyses by qPCR and promoter reporter fusions revealed that  mbo  expression is regulated by both  gacS/gacA  and  mgo  genes .  Also, expression of the  mgo  operon was shown to be regulated by  gacS/gacA . Heterologous expression under the native promoter of the  mbo  operon resulted in mangotoxin production in non-producing  P. syringae  strains, but not in other  Pseudomonas  species. Also introduction of the  mbo  and  mgo  operons in nonproducing  P. protegens  Pf-5 did not confer mangotoxin production but did enhance transcription of the  mbo  promoter.    Conclusions  From the data obtained in this study, we conclude that both  mbo  and  mgo  operons are under the control of the  gacS/gacA  two-component system and that the MgoA product acts as a positive regulator of mangotoxin biosynthesis.

Mangotoxin production of Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae is regulated by MgoA