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Background  The sequenced O45:K1:H7  Escherichia coli  meningitis strain S88 harbors a large virulence plasmid. To identify possible genetic determinants of pS88 virulence, we examined the transcriptomes of 88 plasmidic ORFs corresponding to known and putative virulence genes, and 35 ORFs of unknown function.    Results  Quantification of plasmidic transcripts was obtained by quantitative real-time reverse transcription of extracted RNA, normalized on three housekeeping genes. The transcriptome of  E. coli  strain S88 grown in human serum and urine e x vivo  were compared to that obtained during growth in Luria Bertani broth, with and without iron depletion. We also analyzed the transcriptome of a pS88-like plasmid recovered from a neonate with urinary tract infection. The transcriptome obtained after  ex vivo  growth in serum and urine was very similar to those obtained in iron-depleted LB broth. Genes encoding iron acquisition systems were strongly upregulated.  ShiF  and ORF 123, two ORFs encoding protein with hypothetical function and physically linked to aerobactin and salmochelin loci, respectively, were also highly expressed in iron-depleted conditions and may correspond to ancillary iron acquisition genes. Four ORFs were induced  ex vivo , independently of the iron concentration. Other putative virulence genes such as  iss ,  etsC, ompTp  and  hlyF  were not upregulated in any of the conditions studied. Transcriptome analysis of the pS88-like plasmid recovered  in vivo  showed a similar pattern of induction but at much higher levels.    Conclusion  We identify new pS88 genes potentially involved in the growth of  E. coli  meningitis strain S88 in human serum and urine.

Transcriptional analysis of the Escherichia coli ColV-Ia plasmid pS88 during growth in human serum and urine