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Background  The lysis-lysogeny decision in the temperate coliphage λ is influenced by a number of phage proteins (CII and CIII) as well as host factors, viz.  Escherichia coli  HflB, HflKC and HflD. Prominent among these are the transcription factor CII and HflB, an ATP-dependent protease that degrades CII. Stabilization of CII promotes lysogeny, while its destabilization induces the lytic mode of development. All other factors that influence the lytic/lysogenic decision are known to act by their effects on the stability of CII. Deletion of  hflKC  has no effect on the stability of CII. However, when λ infects  ΔhflKC  cells, turbid plaques are produced, indicating stabilization of CII under these conditions.    Results  We find that CII is stabilized in  ΔhflKC  cells even without infection by λ, if CIII is present. Nevertheless, we also obtained turbid plaques when a  ΔhflKC  host was infected by a  cIII -defective phage ( λcIII   67  ). This observation raises a fundamental question: does lysogeny necessarily correlate with the stabilization of CII? Our experiments indicate that CII is indeed stabilized under these conditions, implying that stabilization of CII is possible in  ΔhflKC  cells even in the absence of CIII, leading to lysogeny.    Conclusion  We propose that a yet unidentified CII-stabilizing factor in λ may influence the lysis-lysogeny decision in  ΔhflKC  cells.

Studies on Escherichia coliHflKC suggest the presence of an unidentified λ factor that influences the lysis-lysogeny switch