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Background   Campylobacter jejuni  is a leading foodborne pathogen worldwide. Despite the fastidious nature of  C. jejuni  growth, increasing numbers of human campylobacteriosis suggest that  C. jejuni  may possess unique mechanisms to survive under various stress conditions.  C. jejuni  possesses only three sigma factors (FliA, RpoD, and RpoN) and lacks stress-defense sigma factors. Since FliA and RpoD are dedicated to flagella synthesis and housekeeping, respectively, in this study, we investigated the role of RpoN in  C. jejuni 's defense against various stresses.    Results  Survivability of an  rpoN  mutant was compared with the wild-type  C. jejuni  under various stress conditions. While the growth of the  rpoN  mutant was as comparably as that of the wild type in shaking cultures, the  rpoN  mutant exhibited significant survival defects when cultured statically. The  rpoN  mutant was more sensitive to osmotic stress (0.8% NaCl) with abnormally-elongated cell morphology. Compared to the wile type, the  rpoN  mutant was more susceptible to acid stress (pH 5) and more resistant to hydrogen peroxide. However, the  rpoN  mutation had little effect on the resistance of  C. jejuni  to alkaline pH, heat, cold and antimicrobials.    Conclusions  The results demonstrate that RpoN plays an important role in  C. jejuni 's defense against various stresses which this bacterial pathogen may encounter during transmission to and infection of humans.

Roles of RpoN in the resistance of Campylobacter jejuni under various stress conditions