English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Background  The archaeon,  Methanosarcina acetivorans  strain C2A forms methane, a potent greenhouse gas, from a variety of one-carbon substrates and acetate. Whereas the biochemical pathways leading to methane formation are well understood, little is known about the expression of the many of the genes that encode proteins needed for carbon flow, electron transfer and/or energy conservation. Quantitative transcript analysis was performed on twenty gene clusters encompassing over one hundred genes in  M. acetivorans  that encode enzymes/proteins with known or potential roles in substrate conversion to methane.    Results  The expression of many seemingly "redundant" genes/gene clusters establish substrate dependent control of approximately seventy genes for methane production by the pathways for methanol and acetate utilization. These include genes for soluble-type and membrane-type heterodisulfide reductases ( hdr ), hydrogenases including genes for a  vht -type F420 non-reducing hydrogenase, molybdenum-type ( fmd ) as well as tungsten-type ( fwd ) formylmethanofuran dehydrogenases, genes for  rnf  and  mrp- type electron transfer complexes, for acetate uptake, plus multiple genes for  aha-  and  atp -type ATP synthesis complexes. Analysis of promoters for seven gene clusters reveal UTR leaders of 51-137 nucleotides in length, raising the possibility of both transcriptional and translational levels of control.    Conclusions  The above findings establish the differential and coordinated expression of two major gene families in  M. acetivorans  in response to carbon/energy supply. Furthermore, the quantitative mRNA measurements demonstrate the dynamic range for modulating transcript abundance. Since many of these gene clusters in  M. acetivorans  are also present in other  Methanosarcina  species including  M. mazei , and in  M. barkeri , these findings provide a basis for predicting related control in these environmentally significant methanogens.

bmc microbiology

Carbon-dependent control of electron transfer and central carbon pathway genes for methane biosynthesis in the Archaean, Methanosarcina acetivorans strain C2A