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Background  Lysyl-tRNA synthetase (LysRS) is unique within the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family in that both class I (LysRS1) and class II (LysRS2) enzymes exist. LysRS1 enzymes are found in  Archaebacteria  and some eubacteria while all other organisms have LysRS2 enzymes. All sequenced strains of  Bacillus cereus  (except AH820) and  Bacillus thuringiensis  however encode both a class I and a class II LysRS. The  lysK  gene (encoding LysRS1) of  B. cereus  strain 14579 has an associated T box element, the first reported instance of potential T box control of LysRS expression.    Results  A global study of 891 completely sequenced bacterial genomes identified T box elements associated with control of LysRS expression in only four bacterial species:  B. cereus, B. thuringiensis, Symbiobacterium thermophilum  and  Clostridium beijerinckii . Here we investigate the T box element found in the regulatory region of the  lysK  gene in  B. cereus  strain 14579. We show that this T box element is functional, responding in a canonical manner to an increased level of uncharged tRNA Lys  but, unusually, also responding to an increased level of uncharged tRNA Asn . We also show that  B. subtilis  strains with T box regulated expression of the endogenous  lysS  or the heterologous  lysK  genes are viable.    Conclusions  The T box element controlling  lysK  (encoding LysRS1) expression in  B. cereus  strain 14579 is functional, but unusually responds to depletion of charged tRNA Lys  and tRNA Asn . This may have the advantage of making LysRS1 expression responsive to a wider range of nutritional stresses. The viability of  B. subtilis  strains with a single LysRS1 or LysRS2, whose expression is controlled by this T box element, makes the rarity of the occurrence of such control of LysRS expression puzzling.

bmc microbiology

The T box regulatory element controlling expression of the class I lysyl-tRNA synthetase of Bacillus cereus strain 14579 is functional and can be partially induced by reduced charging of asparaginyl-tRNAAsn