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Background  Bac7 is a proline-rich peptide with a potent  in vitro  antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria. Here we investigated its activity in biological fluids and  in vivo  using a mouse model of  S. typhimurium  infection.    Results  The efficacy of the active 1-35 fragment of Bac7 was assayed in serum and plasma, and its stability in biological fluids analyzed by Western blot and mass spectrometry. The ability of the peptide to protect mice against  Salmonella  was assayed in a typhoid fever model of infection by determination of survival rates and bacterial load in liver and spleen of infected animals. In addition, the peptide's biodistribution was evaluated by using time-domain optical imaging. Bac7(1-35) retained a substantial  in vivo  activity showing a very low toxicity. The peptide increased significantly the number of survivors and the mean survival times of treated mice reducing the bacterial load in their organs despite its rapid clearance.    Conclusions  Our results provide a first indication for a potential development of Bac7-based drugs in the treatment of salmonellosis and, eventually, other Gram-negative infections. The  in vivo  activity for this peptide might be substantially enhanced by decreasing its excretion rate or modifying the treatment schedule.

The proline-rich peptide Bac7(1-35) reduces mortality from Salmonella typhimurium in a mouse model of infection