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Background   Candida albicans SUR7  has been shown to be required for plasma membrane organization and cell wall synthesis, but its role in virulence is not known. Using a bioinformatics strategy, we previously identified several novel putative secretion pathway proteins potentially involved in virulence, including the  C. albicans  homolog of the  Saccharomyces cerevisiae  endocytosis-related protein Sur7p. We therefore generated a  C. albicans sur7 Δ null mutant and examined its contribution to key virulence attributes.    Results  Structurally, the  C. albicans sur7 Δ mutant was impaired in response to filamentation-inducing conditions, and formed aberrant hyphae with extensive accumulation of plasma membrane-derived structures within the cell. Absence of  SUR7  resulted in a temperature-sensitive growth defect at high temperatures (42°C), which was partially rescued by addition of NaCl. We next examined the role of the  SUR7  paralog  C. albicans FMP45  in this temperature-sensitive phenotype. Analysis of  C. albicans  Fmp45p-GFP demonstrated co-localization of Fmp45p with Sur7p and increased fluorescence in the plasma membrane in the presence of high salt. We next focused on key virulence-related phenotypes. The  C. albicans sur7 Δ null mutant exhibited secretory defects: reduced lipase secretion, and increased levels of secreted Sap2p. The null mutant was hyper-susceptible to sub-inhibitory concentrations of caspofungin, but not amphotericin B and 5-fluorocytosine. Functionally, the  sur7 Δ mutant demonstrated increased adhesion to polystyrene and of note, was markedly defective in biofilm formation. In an  in vitro  macrophage model of virulence, the  sur7 Δ mutant was impaired in macrophage killing.    Conclusions  Plasma membrane and cell wall organization are important for cell morphology, and alterations of these structures contributed to impairment of several key virulence-associated phenotypes in the  C. albicans sur7 Δ mutant.

Candida albicans SUR7 contributes to secretion, biofilm formation, and macrophage killing