English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Background   Helicobacter pylori  is presumed to be co-evolved with its human host and is a highly diverse gastric pathogen at genetic levels. Ancient origins of  H. pylori  in the New World are still debatable. It is not clear how different waves of human migrations in South America contributed to the evolution of strain diversity of  H. pylori . The objective of our 'phylogeographic' study was to gain fresh insights into these issues through mapping genetic origins of  H. pylori  of native Peruvians (of Amerindian ancestry) and their genomic comparison with isolates from Spain, and Japan.    Results  For this purpose, we attempted to dissect genetic identity of strains by fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism (FAFLP) analysis, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) of the 7 housekeeping genes ( atp A,  efp ,  ure I,  ppa ,  mut Y,  trp C,  yph C) and the sequence analyses of the  bab B adhesin and  oip A genes. The whole  cag  pathogenicity-island ( cag PAI) from these strains was analyzed using PCR and the geographic type of  cag A phosphorylation motif EPIYA was determined by gene sequencing. We observed that while European genotype (hp-Europe) predominates in native Peruvian strains, approximately 20% of these strains represent a sub-population with an Amerindian ancestry ( hsp-Amerind ). All of these strains however, irrespective of their ancestral affiliation harbored a complete, 'western' type  cag PAI and the motifs surrounding it. This indicates a possible acquisition of  cag PAI by the  hsp-Amerind  strains from the European strains, during decades of co-colonization.    Conclusion  Our observations suggest presence of ancestral  H. pylori  ( hsp-Amerind ) in Peruvian Amerindians which possibly managed to survive and compete against the Spanish strains that arrived to the New World about 500 years ago. We suggest that this might have happened after native Peruvian  H. pylori  strains acquired  cag PAI sequences, either by new acquisition in  cag -negative strains or by recombination in  cag  positive Amerindian strains.

bmc genomics

Genomes of Helicobacter pylori from native Peruvians suggest admixture of ancestral and modern lineages and reveal a western type cag-pathogenicity island