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Background  In  Aedes  and  Anopheles  mosquitoes, ribosomal protein RPS6 has an unusual C-terminal extension that resembles histone H1 proteins. To explore homology between a mosquito H1 histone and the RPS6 tail, we took advantage of the  Anopheles gambiae  genome database to clone a histone H1 gene from an  Anopheles stephensi  mosquito cell line.    Results  We designed specific primers based on RPS6 and histone H1 alignments to recover an  Anopheles stephensi  histone H1 corresponding to a conceptual  An. gambiae  protein, with 92% identity. Southern blots suggested that  Anopheles stephensi  histone H1 gene has multiple variants, as is also the case for histone H1 proteins in Chironomid flies.    Conclusions  Histone H1 proteins from  Anopheles stephensi  and  Anopheles gambiae  mosquitoes share 92% identity to each other, but only 50% identity to a  Drosophila  homolog. In a phylogenetic analysis,  Anopheles ,  Chironomus  and  Drosophila  histone H1 proteins cluster separately from the histone H1-like, C-terminal tails on RPS6 in  Aedes  and  Anopheles  mosquitoes. These observations suggest that the resemblance between histone H1 and the C-terminal extensions on mosquito RPS6 has been maintained by convergent evolution.

bmc genomics

PCR cloning of a histone H1 gene from Anopheles stephensi mosquito cells: comparison of the protein sequence with histone H1-like, C-terminal extensions on mosquito ribosomal protein S6