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Background  Recently it has been shown that  Ensifer adhaerens  can be used as a plant transformation technology, transferring genes into several plant genomes when equipped with a Ti plasmid. For this study, we have sequenced the genome of  Ensifer adhaerens  OV14 (OV14) and compared it with those of  Agrobacterium tumefaciens  C58 (C58) and  Sinorhizobium meliloti  1021 (1021); the latter of which has also demonstrated a capacity to genetically transform crop genomes, albeit at significantly reduced frequencies.    Results  The 7.7 Mb OV14 genome comprises two chromosomes and two plasmids. All protein coding regions in the OV14 genome were functionally grouped based on an eggNOG database. No genes homologous to the  A. tumefaciens  Ti plasmid  vir  genes appeared to be present in the OV14 genome. Unexpectedly, OV14 and 1021 were found to possess homologs to chromosomal based genes cited as essential to  A. tumefaciens  T-DNA transfer. Of significance, genes that are non-essential but exert a positive influence on virulence and the ability to genetically transform host genomes were identified in OV14 but were absent from the 1021 genome.    Conclusions  This study reveals the presence of homologs to chromosomally based  Agrobacterium  genes that support T-DNA transfer within the genome of OV14 and other alphaproteobacteria. The sequencing and analysis of the OV14 genome increases our understanding of T-DNA transfer by non- Agrobacterium  species and creates a platform for the continued improvement of  Ensifer -mediated transformation (EMT).

Genome sequence of Ensifer adhaerens OV14 provides insights into its ability as a novel vector for the genetic transformation of plant genomes