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Background  Network biology (systems biology) approaches are useful tools for elucidating the host infection processes that often accompany complex immune networks. Although many studies have recently focused on  Haemophilus parasuis , a model of Gram-negative bacterium, little attention has been paid to the host's immune response to infection. In this article, we use network biology to investigate infection with  Haemophilus parasuis  in an  in vivo  pig model.    Results  By targeting the spleen immunogenome, we established an expression signature indicative of  H. parasuis  infection using a PCA/GSEA combined method. We reconstructed the immune network and estimated the network topology parameters that characterize the immunogene expressions in response to  H. parasuis  infection. The results showed that the immune network of  H. parasuis  infection is compartmentalized (not globally linked). Statistical analysis revealed that the reconstructed network is scale-free but not small-world. Based on the quantitative topological prioritization, we inferred that the C1R-centered clique might play a vital role in responding to  H. parasuis  infection.    Conclusions  Here, we provide the first report of reconstruction of the immune network in  H. parasuis -infected porcine spleen. The distinguishing feature of our work is the focus on utilizing the immunogenome for a network biology-oriented analysis. Our findings complement and extend the frontiers of knowledge of host infection biology for  H. parasuis  and also provide a new clue for systems infection biology of Gram-negative  bacilli  in mammals.

Systems infection biology: a compartmentalized immune network of pig spleen challenged with Haemophilus parasuis