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Background  The purpose of this study was to estimate both cross-sectional sibling recurrence risk ratio (λ  s  ) and lifetime λ  s   for the metabolic syndrome and its individual components over time among sibships in the prospectively followed-up cohorts provided by the Genetic Analysis Workshop 13. Five measures included in the operational criteria of the metabolic syndrome by the Adult Treatment Panel III were examined. A method for estimating sibling recurrence risk with correction for complete ascertainment was used to estimate the numerator, and the prevalence in the whole cohort was used as the denominator of λ  s  .    Results  Considerable variability in the λ  s   was found in terms of different time-points for the cross-sectional definition, the times of fulfilling the criterion for lifetime definition, and different components. Obesity and hyperglycemia had the highest cross-sectional λ  s   of the five components. Both components also had the largest slopes in the linear trend of the lifetime λ  s  . However, the magnitudes of the lifetime λ  s   were similar to that of the mean cross-sectional λ  s  , which were <2. The results of nonparametric linkage analysis showed only suggestive evidence of linkage between one marker and lifetime diagnosis of low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and metabolic syndrome, respectively.    Conclusion  The λ  s   of the metabolic syndrome and its components varies substantially across time, and the λ  s   of lifetime diagnosis was not necessarily larger than that of a cross-sectional diagnosis. The magnitude of λ  s   does not predict well the maximum LOD score of linkage analysis.

Sibling recurrence risk ratio analysis of the metabolic syndrome and its components over time