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Background  Myostatin (MSTN) belongs to the transforming growth factor-β superfamily and is a potent negative regulator of skeletal muscle development and growth in mammals. Most teleost fish possess two  MSTN  paralogues. However, as a consequence of a recent whole genome-duplication event, salmonids have four:  MSTN-1  (− 1a  and - 1b ) and  MSTN-2  (− 2a  and - 2b ). Evidence suggests that teleost MSTN plays a role in the regulation of muscle growth. In the current study, the  MSTN-1b  gene was re-sequenced and screened for SNP markers in a commercial population of Atlantic salmon. After genotyping 4,800 progeny for the discovered SNPs, we investigated their association with eight harvest traits - four body-weight traits, two ratios of weight traits, flesh colour and fat percentage - using a mixed model association analysis.    Results  Three novel SNPs were discovered in the  MSTN-1b  gene of Atlantic salmon. One of the SNPs, located within the 5′ flanking region ( g.1086C > T ), had a significant association with harvest traits (p < 0.05), specifically for: Harvest Weight (kg), Gutted Weight (kg), Deheaded Weight (kg) and Fillet Weight (kg). The haplotype-based association analysis was consistent with this result because the two haplotypes that showed a significant association with body-weight traits, hap4 and hap5 (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively), differ by a single substitution at the  g.1086C > T  locus. The alleles at  g.1086C > T  act in an additive manner and explain a small percentage of the genetic variation of these phenotypes.    Conclusions  The association analysis revealed that  g.1086C > T  had a significant association with all body-weight traits under study. Although the SNP explains a small percentage of the variance, our results indicate that a variation in the 5′ flanking region of the  myostatin  gene is associated with the genetic regulation of growth in Atlantic salmon.

A SNP in the 5′ flanking region of the myostatin-1b gene is associated with harvest traits in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)