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Background  In bovines, there are significant differences within and among beef breeds in the time when bulls reach puberty. Although the timing of puberty is likely to be a multigenic trait, previous studies indicate that there may also be single genes that exert major effects on the timing of puberty within the general population. Despite its economic importance, there are not many SNPs or genetic markers associated with the age of puberty in male cattle. In the present work, we selected three candidate genes,  GNRHR ,  LHR  and  IGF1 , and associated their polymorphisms with the age of puberty in Angus male cattle.    Results  After weaning, 276 Angus males were measured every month for weight (W), scrotal circumference (SC), sperm concentration (C) and percentage of motility (M). A total of 4 SNPs, two within  GNRHR , one in  LHR  and one in  IGF1  were genotyped using the pyrosequencing technique.  IGF1-SnaBI SNP  was significant associated (P < 0.01) with age at SC 28 cm, but it were not associated with age at M 10% and C 50 million. Genotype  CC  exhibited an average age at SC 28 cm of 7 and 11 days higher than  CT  (p = 0.037) and  TT  (p = 0.012), respectively. This SNP explained 1.5% of the genetic variance of age of puberty at SC28.  LHR-I499L ,  GNRHR-SNP5  and  GNRHR-SNP6  were not associated with any of the measurements. However,  GNRHR  haplotypes showed a suggestive association with age at SC 28 cm.    Conclusions  The findings presented here could support the hypothesis that  IGF1  is a regulator of the arrival to puberty in male calves and is involved in the events that precede and initiate puberty in bull calves. Given that most studies in cattle, as well as in other mammals, were done in female, the present results are the first evidence of markers associated with age at puberty in male cattle.

Association between GNRHR, LHR and IGF1 polymorphisms and timing of puberty in male Angus cattle