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Background  The self-fertile filamentous ascomycete  Neurospora tetrasperma  contains a large (~7 Mbp) and young (< 6 MYA) region of suppressed recombination within its mating-type ( mat ) chromosomes. The objective of the present study is to reveal the evolutionary history, including key genomic events, associated with the various regions of the  mat  chromosomes among ten strains representing all the nine known species (lineages) contained within the  N. tetrasperma  species complex.    Results  Comparative analysis of sequence divergence among alleles of 24  mat- linked genes ( mat A  and  mat a ) indicates that a large region of suppressed recombination exists within the  mat  chromosome for each of nine lineages of  N. tetrasperma sensu latu . The recombinationally suppressed region varies in size and gene composition among lineages, and is flanked on both ends by normally recombining regions. Genealogical analyses among lineages reveals that eight gene conversion events have occurred between homologous  mat  A and  mat a-linked  alleles of genes located within the region of restricted recombination during the evolutionary history of  N. tetrasperma .    Conclusions  We conclude that the region of suppressed recombination in the  mat  chromosomes has likely been subjected to independent contraction and/or expansion during the evolutionary history of the  N. tetrasperma  species complex. Furthermore, we infer that gene conversion events are likely a common phenomenon within this recombinationally suppressed genomic region. We argue that gene conversions might provide an efficient mechanism of adaptive editing of functional genes, including the removal of deleterious mutations, within the young recombinationally suppressed region of the  mat  chromosomes.

bmc evolutionary biology

Gene genealogies indicates abundant gene conversions and independent evolutionary histories of the mating-type chromosomes in the evolutionary history of Neurospora tetrasperma