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Background  The orthologs of eukaryotic initiation factor 5C (eIF5C) are essential to the initiation of protein translation, and their regulation during development is not well known.    Results  A cDNA encoding a polypeptide of 419 amino acids containing an N-terminal leucine zipper motif and a C-terminal eIF5C domain was cloned from metamorphic larvae of  Helicoverpa armigera . It was subsequently named  Ha-eIF5C . Quantitative real-time PCR (QRT-PCR) revealed a high expression of the mRNA of  Ha-eIF5C  in the head-thorax, integument, midgut, and fat body during metamorphosis. Immunohistochemistry suggested that Ha-eIF5C was distributed into both the cytoplasm and the nucleus in the midgut, fat body and integument.  Ha-eIF5C  expression was upregulated by 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E). Furthermore, the transcription of  Ha-eIF5C  was down regulated after silencing of  ecdysteroid receptor (EcR)  or  Ultraspiracle protein (USP)  by RNAi.    Conclusion  These results suggested that during metamorphosis of the cotton bollworm,  Ha-eIF5C  was upregulated by 20E through the EcR and USP transcription factors.

A eukaryotic initiation factor 5C is upregulated during metamorphosis in the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera