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Background   Pax7  encodes a transcription factor well-established as an important determinant of mesencephalic identity and superior collicular development.  Pax7  mutant mice, however, present with no obvious morphological impairments to the superior colliculus. This finding is paradoxical and has been attributed to functional redundancy afforded by its paralogue  Pax3 . Here we utilise  Pax7  mutant mice to investigate the precise role of this important developmental regulator during superior collicular development and neuronal specification/differentiation. We also assess its spatiotemporal relationship with  Pax3  during embryonic development.    Results  Analysis of the superior colliculus of  Pax7  mutant and wildtype mice at a variety of developmental timepoints revealed that whilst correct initial specification is maintained, a subpopulation of dorsal mesencephalic neurons is lost at early postnatal stages. Moreover, a comparative analysis of embryonic  Pax3  and  Pax7  expression profiles indicate that  Pax3  expression overlaps extensively with that of  Pax7  initially, but their expression domains increasingly diverge as development progresses, coinciding spatiotemporally with neuronal differentiation and maturation of the tissue. Furthermore,  Pax3  expression is perturbed within the CNS of embryonic  Pax7  mutant mice.    Conclusion  In summary, these results demonstrate that during superior collicular development,  Pax7  is required to maintain a subpopulation of dorsal, mesencephalic neurons and partially regulates, spatiotemporally,  Pax3  expression within the CNS. The differential nature of  Pax7  and  Pax3  with respect to neuronal differentiation may have implications for future stem cell therapies aimed at exploiting their developmental capabilities.

bmc developmental biology

Pax7 is requisite for maintenance of a subpopulation of superior collicular neurons and shows a diverging expression pattern to Pax3 during superior collicular development