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Background  Flatfish metamorphosis is a thyroid hormone (TH) driven process which leads to a dramatic change from a symmetrical larva to an asymmetrical juvenile. The effect of THs on muscle and in particular muscle sarcomer protein genes is largely unexplored in fish. The change in  Troponin T  ( TnT ), a pivotal protein in the assembly of skeletal muscles sarcomeres and a modulator of calcium driven muscle contraction, during flatfish metamophosis is studied.    Results  In the present study five cDNAs for halibut  TnT  genes were cloned; three were splice variants arising from a single  fast TnT  ( fTnT ) gene; a fourth encoded a novel teleost specific fTnT-like cDNA ( AfTnT ) expressed exclusively in slow muscle and the fifth encoded the teleost specific  sTnT2 . THs modified the expression of halibut  fTnT  isoforms which changed from predominantly basic to acidic isoforms during natural and T4 induced metamorphosis. In contrast, expression of red muscle specific genes,  AfTnT  and  sTnT2 , did not change during natural metamorphosis or after T4 treatment. Prior to and after metamorphosis no change in the dorso-ventral symmetry or temporal-spatial expression pattern of  TnT  genes and muscle fibre organization occurred in halibut musculature.    Conclusion  Muscle organisation in halibut remains symmetrical even after metamorphosis suggesting TH driven changes are associated with molecular adaptations. We hypothesize that species specific differences in  TnT  gene expression in teleosts underlies different larval muscle developmental programs which better adapts them to the specific ecological constraints.

Troponin T isoform expression is modulated during Atlantic Halibut metamorphosis