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Background  Cadherins are cell surface adhesion molecules that play important roles in development of vertebrate tissues and organs. We studied cadherin2 expression in developing zebrafish heart using  in situ  hybridization and immunocytochemical methods, and we found that cadherin2 was strongly expressed by the myocardium of the embryonic zebrafish. To gain insight into cadherin2 role in the formation and function of the heart, we analyzed cardiac differentiation and performance in a  cadherin2  mutant,  glass onion  ( glo ).    Results  We found that the  cadherin2  mutant had enlarged pericardial cavity, disorganized atrium and ventricle, and reduced expression of a ventricular specific marker  vmhc . Individual myocardiocytes in the  glo  mutant embryos became round shaped and loosely aggregated.  In vivo  measurements of cardiac performance revealed that the mutant heart had significantly reduced heart rate, stroke volume and cardiac output compared to control embryos. Formation of the embryonic vascular system in the  glo  mutants was also affected.    Conclusion  Our results suggest that cadherin2 plays an essential role in zebrafish cardiovascular development. Although the exact mechanisms remain unknown as to the formation of the enlarged pericardium and reduced peripheral blood flow, it is clear that  myocardiocyte differentiation and physiological cardiovascular  performance is impaired when cadherin2 function is disrupted.

Cadherin2 (N-cadherin) plays an essential role in zebrafish cardiovascular development