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Background   H19  is a paternally imprinted gene that has been shown to be highly expressed in the trophoblast tissue. Results from previous studies have initiated a debate as to whether noncoding RNA  H19  acts as a tumor suppressor or as a tumor promotor in trophoblast tissue. In the present study, we developed lentiviral vectors expressing  H19 -specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) to specifically block the expression of  H19  in the human choriocarcinoma cell line JAR. Using this approach, we investigated the impact of the  H19  gene on the proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of JAR cells. Moreover, we examined the effect of  H19  knockdown on the expression of insulin-like growth factor 2 ( IGF2 ), hairy and enhancer of split homologue-1 ( HES-1 ) and dual-specific phosphatase 5 ( DUSP5 ) genes.    Results   H19  knockdown inhibited apoptosis and proliferation of JAR cells, but had no significant impact on cell invasion. In addition,  H19  knockdown resulted in significant upregulation of  HES-1  and  DUSP5  expression, but not  IGF2  expression in JAR cells.    Conclusions  The finding that  H19  downregulation could simultaneously inhibit proliferation and apoptosis of JAR cells highlights a putative dual function for  H19  in choriocarcinoma and may explain the debate on whether  H19  acts as a tumor suppressor or a tumor promotor in trophoblast tissue. Furthermore, upregulation of  HES-1  and  DUSP5  may mediate  H19  downregulation-induced suppression of proliferation and apoptosis of JAR cells.

Lentivirus-mediated RNA interference targeting the H19 gene inhibits cell proliferation and apoptosis in human choriocarcinoma cell line JAR