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Hydrocarbons such as CH 4  are known to be formed through the Fischer-Tropsch or Sabatier type reactions in hydrothermal systems usually at temperatures above 100°C. Weathering of olivine is sometimes suggested to account for abiotic formation of CH 4  through its redox lowering and water splitting properties. Knowledge about the CH 4  and H 2  formation processes at low temperatures is important for the research about the origin and cause of early Earth and Martian CH 4  and for CO 2  sequestration. We have conducted a series of low temperature, long-term weathering experiments in which we have tested the CH 4  and H 2  formation potential of forsteritic olivine.  The results show low temperature CH 4  production that is probably influenced by chromite and magnetite as catalysts. Extensive analyses of a potential CH 4  source trapped in the crystal structure of the olivine showed no signs of incorporated CH 4 . Also, the available sources of organic carbon were not enough to support the total amount of CH 4  detected in our experiments. There was also a linear relationship between silica release into solution and the net CH 4  accumulation into the incubation bottle headspaces suggesting that CH 4  formation under these conditions could be a qualitative indicator of olivine dissolution.  It is likely that minerals such as magnetite, chromite and other metal-rich minerals found on the olivine surface catalyze the formation of CH 4 , because of the low temperature of the system. This may expand the range of environments plausible for abiotic CH 4  formation both on Earth and on other terrestrial bodies.

Formation of H2 and CH4by weathering of olivine at temperatures between 30 and 70°C