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Changes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and anatomical and histopathological central nervous system (CNS) lesions were evaluated, and the presence of  Trypanosoma vivax  in CNS tissues was investigated through PCR. Twelve adult male goats were divided into three groups (G): G1, infected with  T. vivax  and evaluated during the acute phase; G2, infected goats evaluated during the chronic phase; and G3, consisting of non-infected goats. Each goat from G1 and G2 was infected with 1.25 × 10 5  trypomastigotes. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis and investigation of  T. vivax  was performed at the 15 th  day post-infection (dpi) in G1 goats and on the fifth day after the manifestation of nervous system infection signs in G2 goats. All goats were necropsied, and CNS fragments from G1 and G2 goats were evaluated by PCR for the determination of  T. vivax . Hyperthermia, anemia and parasitemia were observed from the fifth dpi for G1 and G2, with the highest parasitemia peak between the seventh and 21 st  dpi. Nervous system infection signs were observed in three G2 goats between the 30 th  and 35 th  dpi. CSF analysis revealed the presence of  T. vivax  for G2. Meningitis and meningoencephalitis were diagnosed in G2. PCR were positive for  T. vivax  in all the samples tested. In conclusion,  T. vivax  may reach the nervous tissue resulting in immune response from the host, which is the cause of progressive clinical and pathological manifestations of the CNS in experimentally infected goats.

veterinary research

Association of Trypanosoma vivax in extracellular sites with central nervous system lesions and changes in cerebrospinal fluid in experimentally infected goats