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Palmarumycin CP 18 , isolated from an extract of the fermentation broth and mycelium of the Panamanian endophytic fungus Edenia sp., was previously reported with strong and specific activity against Leishmania donovani. Here we report that when the same strain was cultured on different solid media – Harrold Agar, Leonian Agar, Potato dextrose Agar (PDA), Corn Meal Agar, Honey Peptone Agar, and eight vegetables (V8) Agar – in order to determine the optimal conditions for isolation of palmarumycin CP 18 , no signal for this compound was observed in any of the  1 H NMR spectra of fractions obtained from these extracts. However, one extract, prepared from the fungal culture in PDA contained significant amounts of CJ-12,372, a possible biosynthetic precursor of palmarumycin CP 18 . Edenia sp. was cultivated on a large scale on PDA and CJ-12,372 was converted to palmarumycin CP 18  by oxidation of its p-hydroquinone moiety with DDQ in dioxane. Palmarumycin CP 18  showed anti-leishmanial activity against L. donovani in a macrophage/amastigote model, with IC 50  values of 23.5 μM.

Anti-L. donovani Activity in Macrophage/Amastigote Model of Palmarumycin CP18 and its Large Scale Production

Anti-L. donovani Activity in Macrophage/Amastigote Model of Palmarumycin CP₁₈ and its Large Scale Production