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The leaf essential oils of twenty-three species of Lauraceae from Monteverde, Costa Rica, have been screened for inhibition of the cysteine protease cruzain. Of these, nine showed promising cruzain inhibitory activity (IC 50    500 μg/mL). The cruzain inhibitory activities of the essential oils can be attributed to active sesquiterpenoid components as well as synergistic effects between two or more components. The sesquiterpenes α-copaene, β-caryophyllene, α-humulene, and germacrene D are active (IC 50  ~5–30 μg/mL) alone, but also show increased activity in combination with other essential oil components.

Cruzain Inhibitory Activity of Leaf Essential Oils of Neotropical Lauraceae and Essential Oil Components