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Emotion and action have been suspected to be strongly interrelated since the beginning of modern theorizing on emotion. For instance, Darwin (1872) captured his main idea about the evolutionary function of emotions in his principle of serviceable associated habits, according to which the bodily expression of emotions helps to regulate the processing of the emotion-inducing stimulus event. Indeed, recent research has demonstrated that the facial expression of disgust minimizes the sensory processing of information from the disgusting source, while the opposite holds for the facial expression of fear (Susskind et al., 2008). James (1884) put stronger emphasis on the interactions between emotion and action in the phenomenal experience of emotions. According to his approach, it is through perceiving our bodily response to an affective event that, when this response is sufficiently intense, we consciously experience a particular emotion. Indeed, numerous findings indicate that having people move in particular ways (e.g., activate facial muscles involved in smiling or pushing objects away from their body) tends to modulate the experience of the emotion associated with these movements (e.g., Niedenthal, Barsalou, Winkielman, Krauth-Gruber, & Ric, 2005). A large part of the research on emotion in the 20th century has focused on expressions of emotion, in particular facial expressions. This of course corresponds to an important link between emotion and action, but the mechanisms underlying the production of such expressions is still highly debated (e.g., affect programs vs. appraisals). When it comes to action, more generally than expressions, these insights into the interwoven character of emotion and action have been lost out of sight in many emotion theories and most action theories from the 20th century, however. In action theories, emotions are often reduced to feelings, while action is mainly seen as being driven by particular stimulus conditions. Emotion theories, in turn, tend to give some role to action tendencies—be it as a precondition or as a consequence of feelings—but the mechanisms underlying these relations are still poorly understood. Today, the psychology, neuroscience, and philosophy of action have rediscovered the role of emotion or feelings for action and action control, while the psychology, neuroscience, and philosophy of emotion have rediscovered the embodiment of people’s emotions in and through their actions. This provides new opportunities for integrating emotion and action both theoretically/conceptually and empirically/experimentally. The purpose of this special section is to bring together leading theorists and experimental researchers in the areas of action control and emotion, with the ambition to sketch avenues towards such an integration. The contributions and the discussions leading to the special section emerged from a dedicated expert colloquium held in Geneva, organized by Moors, Deonna, Sander, and Hommel, which goes back to ideas and stimulating suggestions from Wolfgang Prinz and Klaus Scherer. Emotion Meets Action: Towards an Integration of Research and Theory