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Wilms tumor (WT) is the most common renal cancer and the most prevalent abdominal cancer in children. Children with recurrent or progressive forms of WT could benefit from novel immune-targeted approaches. While the immune status of these patients, especially the immunosuppression of peripheral T cells, was rarely reported. The present study enrolled a consecutive series of 14 Chinese WT children and 14 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. We demonstrated that plasma extracellular vesicular (EV) PD-L1 levels significantly increased in WT patients than in healthy controls. EV PD-L1 significantly inhibited the activation of human CD8 +  T cells by down-regulating the cell surface CD69 expression and the intracellular IFNγ and TNFα production in vitro. In peripheral CD8 +  T cells of WT patients, the intracellular IFNγ and TNFα production significantly decreased than healthy controls. The level of plasma EV PD-L1 significantly correlated with the intracellular TNFα production in peripheral CD8 +  T cells of WT patients. In conclusion, the significantly increased plasma EV PD-L1 in WT patients contributed to the immunosuppression of peripheral CD8 +  T cells. Monitoring the level of plasma EV PD-L1 will be helpful for the selection of immune-targeted therapies for WT patients.

EV PD-L1 Contributes to Immunosuppressive CD8+ T Cells in Peripheral Blood of Pediatric Wilms Tumor

EV PD-L1 Contributes to Immunosuppressive CD8⁺ T Cells in Peripheral Blood of Pediatric Wilms Tumor