Tumor staging in a Beagle dog with concomitant large B-cell lymphoma and T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia

An 8-y-old spayed female Beagle dog was presented with peripheral lymphadenomegaly. Lymph node cytology and flow cytometry led to the diagnosis of large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL). We detected minimal percentages of LBCL cells in peripheral blood and bone marrow samples. However, a monomorphic population of neoplastic cells different from those found in the lymph node was found in the bone marrow. T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia was suspected based on flow cytometric immunophenotyping. PCR for antigen receptor rearrangement (PARR) revealed clonal rearrangement of both B-cell and T-cell receptors, and the presence of both neoplastic clones in the lymph node, peripheral blood, and bone marrow. The dog was treated with multi-agent chemotherapy but died 46 d following diagnosis. Tumor staging and patient classification are needed to accurately establish a prognosis and select the most appropriate therapeutic protocol.