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The efficacy of epidural fentanyl combined with lignocaine 1.5% with adrenaline 1:200,000 was studied in a randomised, double-blind, controlled trial of two hundred patients undergoing extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy with or without ancillary procedures. The quality of anaesthesia was assessed using linear analogue pain scores, the patient's impression, and the rate of intra-operative intervention by the anaesthetist. Postoperative symptomatology was also recorded. The only significant difference lay postoperatively in that the fentanyl-ancillary procedure sub-group had less pain approximately one hour postoperatively (P = 0.01). In the context of this study and in the presence of an adequate autonomic and somatic local anaesthetic blockade, the addition of epidural fentanyl does not appear to confer any significant advantage other than to enhance postoperative analgesia.

Does Combined Epidural Lignocaine and Fentanyl Provide Better Anaesthesia for ESWL than Lignocaine Alone?