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Neurovascular coupling (NVC) underlying the local increase in blood flow during neural activity forms the basis of functional brain imaging and is altered in epilepsy. Because astrocytic calcium (Ca 2+ ) signaling is involved in NVC, this study investigates the role of this pathway in epilepsy. Here, we exploit 4-AP induced epileptic events to show that absolute Ca 2+  concentration in cortical astrocyte endfeet in vivo correlates with the diameter of precapillary arterioles during neural activity. We simultaneously monitored free Ca 2+  concentration in astrocytic endfeet with the Ca 2+ -sensitive indicator OGB-1 and diameter of adjacent arterioles in the somatosensory cortex of adult mice by two-photon fluorescence lifetime measurements following 4-AP injection. Our results reveal that, regardless of the mechanism by which astrocytic endfoot Ca 2+  was elevated during epileptic events, increases in Ca 2+  associated with vasodilation for each individual ictal event in the focus. In the remote area, increases in Ca 2+  correlated with vasoconstriction at the onset of seizure and vasodilation during the later part of the seizure. Furthermore, a slow increase in absolute Ca 2+  with time following multiple seizures was observed, which in turn, correlated with a trend of arteriolar constriction both at the epileptic focus and remote areas.

journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism

Astrocytic endfoot Ca<sup>2+</sup> correlates with parenchymal vessel responses during 4-AP induced epilepsy: An in vivo two-photon lifetime microscopy study

Astrocytic endfoot Ca2+ correlates with parenchymal vessel responses during 4-AP induced epilepsy: An in vivo two-photon lifetime microscopy study

Astrocytic endfoot Ca²⁺ correlates with parenchymal vessel responses during 4-AP induced epilepsy: An in vivo two-photon lifetime microscopy study