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The goal was to construct a psychometricallysound instrument for the measurement of aversiveevents. Hypotheses about the occurrence of aversiveevents and depression were also tested. The UnpleasantEvents Schedule (UES) consists of 320events generated by an extensive search of eventsexperienced as distressing by many people. Eachevent was rated for frequency of occurrence (3-pointscale) during the past month and for subjectiveaversiveness (3-point scale). The events were categorizedinto seven rational scales (Health and Welfare,Achievement-Academic-Job, Domestic Inconveniences,Sex-Marital-Friendship, Material-Financial, and Social Exits). The UES was testedon a group (N=202) about equally divided betweendepressed patients and two non-depressed controlgroups. The depressed patients were selected usingthe MMPI and a clinical interview. A normalMMPI control group was selected on the basis ofMMPI scores in the normal range and no history ofdepression. A second control group (High-MMPIControls) was selected on the basis of elevations onclinical MMPI scales other than depression and nohistory of depression. The UES was found to havevery high internal consistency and adequate test-retestrepeatability. Construct validity was investigatedwith comparisons between depressed andnon-depressed groups and by the covariation betweenchanges in the rate of occurrence of aversiveevents and changes in depression level. The UESshould prove useful in future research on quantitativerelationships between stressful life events andpsychopathology

Studies on the Measurement of Unpleasant Events and Relations with Depression