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In a recent article, Atkins et al. (2014, hereafter AGN) nicely synthesize mobile radar and stereo photogrammetric data in a study of the wall clouds observed in the 5 June and 11 June 2009 supercells intercepted by the second Verification of the Origins of Rotation in Tornadoes Experiment (VORTEX2). They conclude that the lifting of rain-cooled air originating in the storms’ forward-flank precipitation regions contributed to wall cloud formation, as Rotunno and Klemp (1985) found in a numerical simulation of a supercell thunderstorm. However, AGN also conclude that a dynamic pressure deficit associated with rotation within the 5 June wall cloud contributed significantly to cloud lowering. Moreover, it was found that both wall clouds comprised air parcels from not just the forward-flank precipitation region, but also from the environmental inflow, and that some other parcel trajectories into the 5 June wall cloud originated from the rear-flank downdraft (RFD). Below we offer an alternative interpretation of some of their results.

Comments on “Observations of Wall Cloud Formation in Supercell Thunderstorms during VORTEX2”