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A climatology of Rossby wave initiation (RWI) events on the Northern Hemisphere mid-latitude jet is compiled by applying an objective RWI identification algorithm to the ERA-Interim re-analysis dataset. In winter, RWI events occur most frequently over the Northwestern Pacific and less often over the North Atlantic. In summer, the total number of RWI events is lower than in winter and the North Pacific RWI region shifts towards the Tibetan Plateau.Composite analysis of the large-scale flow prior to, during and after winter North Pacific RWI events shows an upstream wave train propagating across Asia on the Arctic waveguide prior to RWI. The composite wave forms on a relatively weak zonal jet streak, exhibits a baroclinic structure and is strongly amplified by latent heat release in the warm conveyor belt of a deepening surface cyclone. Moreover, the wave forms in a region of large-scale upper-level deformation, upstream of a pre-existing ridge. Further, active tropical convection affects the longit...

Northern Hemisphere Rossby Wave Initiation Events on the Extratropical Jet—A Climatological Analysis