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Atmospheric aerosols affect Earth’s energy budget, and hence its climate, by scattering and absorbing solar radiation and by altering the radiative properties and the lifetime of clouds. These two major aerosol effects depend on the optical properties and the cloud-nucleating ability of individual particles, which, in turn, depend on the distribution of components among individual particles, termed the “aerosol mixing state.” Global models have moved toward including aerosol schemes to represent the evolution of particle characteristics, but individual particle properties cannot be resolved in global-scale simulations. Instead, models approximate the aerosol mixing state. The errors in climate-relevant aerosol properties introduced by such approximations may be large but have not yet been well quantified. This paper quantitatively addresses the question of to what extent the aerosol mixing state must be resolved to adequately represent the optical properties and cloud-nucleating properties of part...

Toward Reduced Representation of Mixing State for Simulating Aerosol Effects on Climate